Central Vigilance Commission
The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) 
was established in 1964, as an apex body for exercising general superintendence and control over vigilance administration, through the Government of India Resolution of 11.2.1964. The main mandate of the Commission was based on the report of the Committee on Prevention of Corruption, popularly known as the Santhanam Committee.
The Commission shall consist of a Central Vigilance Commissioner – Chairperson and not more than 2 Vigilance Commissioners – Members.
Nittoor Srinivasa Rau became the first Chief Vigilance Commissioner of India.
Powers, Functions and Responsibilities
The Central Vigilance Commission is not an investigating agency. The only investigation conducted by the CVC is that of examining Civil Works of the Government which is carried on by the Chief Technical Officer. The CVC conducts its investigations through the CBI or through the Departmental Chief Vigilance Officers. The main purpose of this organisation are-
- Technical audit of construction works of Governmental organisations from a vigilance perspective;
- Investigation of specific cases of complaints relating to construction works;
- Extension of assistance to CBI in their investigations involving technical matters and for evaluation of properties in Delhi; and Tendering of advice and assistance to the Commission and Chief Vigilance Officers in vigilance cases involving technical matters.
Powers and Functions of CVC
To exercise superintendence over the functioning of the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) with respect to investigation under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988; or offence under CRPC for certain categories of public servants and to give directions to the DSPE for purpose of discharging this responsibility;
- To review the progress of investigations conducted by the DSPE into offences alleged to have been committed under the Prevention of Corruption Act;
- The Committee concerned with the appointment of the Director of CBI is also empowered to recommend, after consultation with the Director (CBI), appointment of officers to the posts of the level of SP and above in DSPE.
- To undertake an inquiry or cause an inquiry or investigation to be made into any transaction in which a public servant working in any organisation, to which the executive control of the Government of India extends, is suspected or alleged to have acted for an improper purpose or in a corrupt manner;
- To tender independent and impartial advice to the disciplinary and other authorities in disciplinary cases, involving vigilance angle at different stages i.e. investigation, inquiry, appeal, review etc.
- To exercise a general check and supervision over vigilance and anti-corruption work in Ministries or Departments of the Govt. of India and other organisations to which the executive power of the Union extends; and
- To chair the Committee for selection of Director (CBI), Director (Enforcement Directorate) and officers of the level of SP and above in DSPE.
- To undertake or cause an inquiry into complaints received under the Public Interest Disclosure and Protection of Informer and recommend appropriate action.
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