Geography of Punjab

Detailed Notes for Punjab Geography

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Geography of Punjab plays a crucial role in not only Punjab PSC Prelims Exam but even PPSC Mains Exam. Punjab Geography Notes are designed by PPSC Toppers and other civil servants. Detail Notes can be browsed at the following links.

FAQs on Geography of Punjab

Where is Punjab located?

Punjab is a state in northwest India, bordered by Pakistan to the west, Jammu and Kashmir to the north, Himachal Pradesh to the northeast, and Haryana and Rajasthan to the south.

What are the major geographical features of Punjab?

Punjab is predominantly a flat, alluvial plain with fertile soil. The Shivalik Hills form a narrow, hilly region in the northeast. The state is also home to several rivers, including the Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi.

What is the climate of Punjab?

Punjab experiences a continental climate with hot summers and cold winters. The southwest monsoon brings rainfall during the summer months.

What are the major rivers flowing through Punjab?

The major rivers flowing through Punjab are the Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi. These rivers are a part of the Indus River system and play a crucial role in irrigating the fertile plains of Punjab.

What are the major crops grown in Punjab?

Punjab is known as the “Granary of India” or the “Bread Basket of India” due to its significant agricultural production. The major crops grown in Punjab include wheat, rice, maize, cotton, sugarcane, and oilseeds.

What are the major cities in Punjab?

The major cities in Punjab include Amritsar, Ludhiana, Jalandhar, Patiala, and Mohali. Chandigarh, the capital city of Punjab and Haryana, is a union territory.

What are the major industries in Punjab?

Agriculture is the backbone of Punjab’s economy, but the state also has a growing industrial sector. The major industries include textiles, food processing, machine tools, auto parts, pharmaceuticals, and information technology.

What are the major environmental issues facing Punjab?

Some of the major environmental issues facing Punjab include:

  • Water scarcity: Overexploitation of groundwater resources for irrigation has led to a decline in water table levels.
  • Soil degradation: Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides has degraded the soil quality.
  • Air pollution: Industrial emissions and stubble burning contribute to air pollution.
  • River pollution: Untreated industrial and domestic waste pollutes the rivers.